نمایندگی سیاسی زنان و نسبت آن با فساد در چرخه زیست سیاسی (با تأکید بر نقش رسانه‌های بین‌المللی)

نوع مقاله : ترویجی

نویسنده

دکترای سیاست تطبیقی و پژوهشگر پسادکتری، مونیخ، آلمان

چکیده

برابری جنسیتی، مبارزه با فساد و سیاست‌ورزی غیرجنسیتی به‌مثابه نشانه‌های توسعه سیاسی در جوامع توسعه‌گرا و از کلیدی‌ترین شناسه‌های برسازنده حکمرانی خوب هستند. اما عصبیت شناختی، بی‌عدالتی جنسیتی و رفتارهای فرصت‌طلبانه ضمن رشد قرائت مینی‌ماکسی و جانبدارانه، بستر مهیّایی برای ظهور فساد به‌عنوان یکی از شناسه‌های حکمرانی بد در زیست سیاسی- اجتماعی فراهم کرد. تلاش برای فهم این پیوند، باعث تلاقی دکترین جنسیت خیرخواه و متخاصم به‌عنوان پشتوانه‌های معرفتی رهیافت سنتی و مدرن گردید. برخلاف درک زنان به‌عنوان نیروی اجتماعی ضدفساد در منظومه شناختی رسانه‌های کلاسیک، تفاوت جنسیتی در فسادپذیری باعث انتقاد از همبستگی منفی بین جنسیت و فساد در خوانش مدرن رسانه‌های نوظهور می‌شود. بر این اساس، تحلیل اثرات نمایندگی سیاسی زنان بر فساد به‌عنوان هدف اصلی پژوهش جاری است. به بیان دیگر، چگونه نمایندگی سیاسی زنان و فساد بر یکدیگر تأثیر می‌گذارند؟ و نقش رسانه‌های بین‌المللی در این پیوند چیست؟ فرضیه پژوهش با انتقاد از رهیافت خطّی و علیّت معکوس، پیوند بین جنسیت و فساد را بسترپرورده می‌داند که طبق آن، نمایندگی سیاسی زنان و فسادپذیری پائین به موقعیت و خط‌مشی‌های آنان در طی زمان بستگی دارد. مقاله حاضر با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به آزمون فرضیه در سه سطح خُرد، میانی و کلان می‌پردازد. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که حضور زنان در زیست سیاسی و کاهش نرخ فسادپذیری لزوماً یک قاعده علّی مطلق نیست. در این میان، رسانه‌های بین‌المللی ازجمله رسانه‌های برون‌مرزی ایران، با کارکردهایی مانند نظارت و آموزش، می‌توانند با پرداخت هوشمندانه به حضور زنان در زیست سیاسی، ضمن مشروعیت‌بخشی به آنان در چرخه زیست سیاسی در جوامع هدف، اتهام تبعیض رسانه‌ای در عرصه جنسیت را از خود دور سازند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Women’s Political Representation and its Relation with Corruption in the Political Life Cycle (with Emphasis on the Role of International Media)

نویسنده [English]

  • Vahid Zolfaghari
PhD in Comparative Politics and Post-Doc Researcher- Munich, Germany
چکیده [English]

Gender equality, fighting against corruption and gender-blind politics are the signs of political development in developmental societies and one of the most important elements of good governance. By developing the mini-maxi and biased interpretation, however, cognitive bias, gender inequality, and opportunistic behaviors pave the way of rising corruption as one of the main features of bad governance in socio-political life. So, attempting to understand this nexus led to the intersection of benevolent and hostile gender as the epistemological underpinnings of traditional and modern approaches. Contrary to the perception of women as an anti-corruption social force in the cognitive system of the classical media, the gender differences in the corruptibility lead to criticizing the negative correlation between gender and corruption in the modern interpretation of new media. Thus, this paper tries to analyze the influence of women’s political representation on corruption. In other words, how political representation of women and corruption will influence each other? And what is the function of international media in this relationship? Criticizing the linear approach and reverse causality, the main hypothesis focuses on the context-dependency of the relation between gender and corruption. Accordingly, women’s political representation and low corruptibility depend on their positions and platforms. Applying the descriptive-analytical method, this paper will try to test the mentioned hypothesis on micro, meso, and macro levels. The findings show that the presence of women in political life and low corruptibility is not necessarily an absolute causal theorem. Meanwhile, the international media, including Iran's foreign media (IRIB World Service media), with functions such as monitoring and education, can intelligently pay attention to the presence of women in political life, while legitimizing them as new social forces in the target communities, dispel the accusation of gender discrimination in the media.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gender
  • Good Governance
  • International Media
  • Corruption
  • Political Representation

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