بررسی نقض حقوق روماها در اروپا (با تمرکز بر بازنمایی آنها در رسانه های اروپایی)

نوع مقاله : مطالعه موردی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار علوم سیاسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی آزادشهر گرگان

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم سیاسی دانشگاه جواهر لعل نهرو هند

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مطالعات منطقه‌ای دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

روماها بزرگترین مجموعه از گروه اقلیت‌های قومی اروپا هستند که به شکلی پراکنده در این قاره زندگی می‌کنند. سطح خدمات عمومی و بسترهای رشد اقتصادی و ارتقای علمی این دسته از شهروندان اتحادیه اروپا بسیار ضعیف است. زندگی روماها در اروپا با فقر و بیکاری و همچنین انزوای اجتماعی و تهدید ناشی از اقدامات نژادپرستانه پیوند خورده است. وضعیت نامطلوب روماها بسیار متاثر از تصویر منفی‌ای است که رسانه‌های اروپایی از این اقلیت قومی و فرهنگی در اذهان اروپایی‌ها ایجاد کرده‌اند. رسانه‌های اروپایی بر اساس سیاست «غیریت‌سازی»، تصویر ذهنی شهروندان این قاره از روماها را با مفاهیمی چون جرم، جنایت، بزه‌کاری و عامل تحمیل مالیات بیشتر و ... پیوند داده‌اند. برساخت منفی رسانه‌ای از روماها دستمایه سیاستمداران نژادپرست و آن دسته از احزاب در اتحادیه اروپا قرار گرفته است که با سیاست‌های مبتنی بر تساهل و مدارا با اقلیت‌ها مخالف هستند. همین سیاستمداران در برخی از کشورهای اروپایی مانند آلمان، یونان، چک و فرانسه با تقویت مواضع خود، قوانینی را وضع کرده‌اند که انواع محدودیت‌ها را علیه روماها تحمیل می‌کند. چرخه معیوبی از تصویرسازی منفی رسانه‌های اروپایی و سوءاستفاده سیاستمداران افراط‌گرای این قاره از آن، در نقض گسترده حقوق روماها در کشورهای مختلف اروپا نقش مؤثری داشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Study of Violation of Roman Rights (Focusing on its Representation in European Media)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masood Motalebi 1
  • Maryam Mohajeri 2
  • Aref Bijan 3
1 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Azad Shahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
2 M.A in Political Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, India.
3 M.A in Regional Studies, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Roman people are the biggest community of European ethnic minorities which live sporadically in this continent. The level of public services and bases for their economic growth and scientific promotion is so weak. The life of Romans in Europe is interconnected with poverty, unemployment, social isolation and threats coming from racism. The undesirable situation of Romans is dramatically influenced by negative image that European media has created about this ethnic and cultural minority. According to ‘other-making policy’, the European Media linked the European citizen’s mindset of Romans with concepts such as crime, guilt, delinquency and the factor of imposing more tax. The negative media constructive of Romans has become a pretext in the hands of racist politicians and those parties in EU who are against the tolerant and indulgent policies toward minorities. These politicians in some countries like Germany, Greece, Check and France have put some laws that impose several restrictions on Romans. A vicious circle of negative illustration by European media and the radical politicians abuse of widespread violation of Romans rights in different European countries have influencing role.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Roman
  • Human Rights
  • Racism
  • Other-making
  • Media Constructive
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